【報告用大圖:腎臟水份調節與利尿劑作用】
圖文版:http://jerryljw.blogspot.tw/2015/07/blog-post_13.html
人體水份調節的關鍵在於腎臟 (kidney),水份與電解質平衡都要靠腎臟,小小的腎臟如何發揮功能呢? 我們常用的利尿劑 (diuretics) 如何作用呢?
利尿劑可以分為五種:
(1) 滲透性利尿劑 (osmotic diuretics):作用在皮質近曲小管及髓質亨利氏環下行支
(2) 碳酸氫酶抑制劑 (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor):作用在近曲小管及亨利氏環下行支
(3) 亨利氏環利尿劑 (loop diuretics):顧名思義,作用在亨利氏環上行支
(4) Thiazides利尿劑 (thiazides):作用在遠曲小管
(5) 保鉀利尿劑 (potassium-sparing diuretics):作用在集尿管
這些利尿劑絕大多數作用在幫浦通道 (transporter)上,例如Loop利尿劑作用在Na-K-Cl co-transporter,保鉀利尿劑作用在集尿管上的醛固酮受體 (aldosterone receptor)
瞭解利尿劑的作用,才會知道每種利尿劑的優缺點喔!!
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